ESP TESTING
J.B. Rhine's Experimental
Design Flawed
According to the skeptics,
little attempt was made to devise experimental conditions
acceptable to critics. The ESP tests have been criticized for
motivated scoring errors, faulty shuffling of the cards, correspondence
of mental habits, rational inference, optional stopping, invalid
methods of statistical evaluation, and on many other grounds.
Perhaps it is the question of safeguards against sensory cues
that all of the early American ESP experiments are believed to
be at fault by British researchers attempting to duplicate Rhine's
results.
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